Section: Genomics
Topic:
Agricultural sciences,
Genetics/genomics,
Population biology
Trends in genome diversity of small populations under a conservation program: a case study of two French chicken breeds
Corresponding author(s): Tixier-Boichard, Michèle (michele.boichard@inrae.fr)
10.24072/pcjournal.474 - Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article no. e99.
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Livestock biodiversity is declining globally at rates unprecedented in human history. Of all avian species, chickens are among the most affected ones because many local breeds have a small effective population size that makes them more susceptible to demographic and genetic stochasticity. The maintenance of genetic diversity and control over genetic drift and inbreeding by conservation programs are fundamental to ensure the long-term survival and adaptive potential of a breed. However, while the benefits of a conservation program are well understood, they are often overlooked. We here used temporal whole-genome sequencing data to assess the effects of a conservation program on the genetic diversity (Δπ), deleterious variation (ΔL), and inbreeding (ΔF) of two local French chicken breeds, the Barbezieux and Gasconne. We showed that when the conservation program is consistent over time and does not undergo any major organisational changes (i.e., Barbezieux), the loss of genetic diversity is limited. This was true for both pedigree and genomic inbreeding but also for the genetic load estimated from functionally important genome-wide variants. However, when a conservation program is interrupted or re-initiated from scratch (i.e., Gasconne), the loss of genetic diversity can hardly be limited as a result of the bottleneck effect associated with the re-sampling. Our results reinforce the imperative to establish and sustain existing conservation programs that aim to keep populations with a relatively small effective population size from the brink of extinction. Moreover, we conclude by encouraging the use of molecular data to more effectively monitor inbreeding at the genome level while improving fitness by tracking protein-coding and non-coding deleterious variants.
Type: Article de recherche
Bortoluzzi, Chiara 1, 2; Restoux, Gwendal 2; Rouger, Romuald 3; Desnoues, Benoit 4; Petitjean, Florence 5; Bosse, Mirte 6, 1; Tixier-Boichard, Michèle 2
CC-BY 4.0
@article{10_24072_pcjournal_474,
author = {Bortoluzzi, Chiara and Restoux, Gwendal and Rouger, Romuald and Desnoues, Benoit and Petitjean, Florence and Bosse, Mirte and Tixier-Boichard, Mich\`ele},
title = {Trends in genome diversity of small populations under a conservation program: a case study of two {French} chicken breeds},
journal = {Peer Community Journal},
eid = {e99},
publisher = {Peer Community In},
volume = {4},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.24072/pcjournal.474},
language = {en},
url = {https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.474/}
}
TY - JOUR AU - Bortoluzzi, Chiara AU - Restoux, Gwendal AU - Rouger, Romuald AU - Desnoues, Benoit AU - Petitjean, Florence AU - Bosse, Mirte AU - Tixier-Boichard, Michèle TI - Trends in genome diversity of small populations under a conservation program: a case study of two French chicken breeds JO - Peer Community Journal PY - 2024 VL - 4 PB - Peer Community In UR - https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.474/ DO - 10.24072/pcjournal.474 LA - en ID - 10_24072_pcjournal_474 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Bortoluzzi, Chiara %A Restoux, Gwendal %A Rouger, Romuald %A Desnoues, Benoit %A Petitjean, Florence %A Bosse, Mirte %A Tixier-Boichard, Michèle %T Trends in genome diversity of small populations under a conservation program: a case study of two French chicken breeds %J Peer Community Journal %D 2024 %V 4 %I Peer Community In %U https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.474/ %R 10.24072/pcjournal.474 %G en %F 10_24072_pcjournal_474
Bortoluzzi, Chiara; Restoux, Gwendal; Rouger, Romuald; Desnoues, Benoit; Petitjean, Florence; Bosse, Mirte; Tixier-Boichard, Michèle. Trends in genome diversity of small populations under a conservation program: a case study of two French chicken breeds. Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article no. e99. doi : 10.24072/pcjournal.474. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.474/
PCI peer reviews and recommendation, and links to data, scripts, code and supplementary information: 10.24072/pci.genomics.100369
Conflict of interest of the recommender and peer reviewers:
The recommender in charge of the evaluation of the article and the reviewers declared that they have no conflict of interest (as defined in the code of conduct of PCI) with the authors or with the content of the article.
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