Section: Ecotoxicology & Environmental Chemistry
Topic:
Applied biological sciences,
Environmental sciences,
Sustainability science
Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout
Corresponding author(s): Couture, Patrice (patrice.couture@inrs.ca)
10.24072/pcjournal.358 - Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article no. e6.
Get full text PDF Peer reviewed and recommended by PCISince the global ban on tributyltin in antifouling paints in 2008 by the International Maritime Organization, new products have been developed and brought to the market. Among them, copper pyrithione (CuPT) is used, but its mechanisms of toxicity remain little known. This project aimed to identify and measure the impacts of aqueous exposure to CuPT, an organic compound, and compare it to ionic Cu2+ added in the form of its inorganic salt CuSO4, in equivalent Cu2+ molar concentrations, on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles under controlled laboratory conditions. A 24-hour acute exposure was performed with nominal concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/L Cu from either CuSO4 or CuPT (labelled CuSO4_50, CuSO4_100, CuPT_50 and CuPT_100, respectively). The CuPT_100 condition induced 85 % mortality in 15 hours and the CuPT_50 condition induced 5 % mortality in the same period. A chronic exposure was then performed with nominal concentrations of 1 and 10 µg/L Cu from CuPT and 10 µg/L Cu2+ from CuSO4 (labelled CuSO4_1, CuSO4_10, CuPT_1 and CuPT_10, respectively). Measured aqueous concentrations of Cu2+ were slightly higher than nominal concentrations for the lower concentrations, but lower for the CuPT_10 condition. The 8- and 16-day toxicokinetics showed a greater accumulation of copper in the gills of fish exposed to CuPT compared to fish exposed to Cu2+ from CuSO4. The CuPT_10 condition induced 35 and 38 % mortality after 8 and 16 days of exposure, while no mortality was observed in the CuSO4_10 condition. The growth of juveniles was not impacted during the 16 days of exposure for any condition. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx) did not respond to exposure to either contaminant. The expression of genes involved in the antioxidant response (sod1, sod2, gpx), detoxification (cyp1a, mt1x, mt2x), Cu transport (ctr1, ctr2, slc11a2), energy metabolism (AcoAc, cox, 12S) and cell cycle regulation (bax) strongly decreased at Day 8 in the gills and at Day 16 in the liver of CuPT-exposed fish in comparison to controls at the same time point. This study clearly showed that the toxicity of Cu in the form of CuPT was much higher than that of ionic Cu from CuSO4and provides new information on the compound that will be useful to develop regulations concerning its use and release in the aquatic environment.
Type: Research article
Bourdon, Charlotte 1, 2; Cachot, Jérôme 2; Gonzalez, Patrice 2; Couture, Patrice 1
@article{10_24072_pcjournal_358, author = {Bourdon, Charlotte and Cachot, J\'er\^ome and Gonzalez, Patrice and Couture, Patrice}, title = {Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout}, journal = {Peer Community Journal}, eid = {e6}, publisher = {Peer Community In}, volume = {4}, year = {2024}, doi = {10.24072/pcjournal.358}, language = {en}, url = {https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.358/} }
TY - JOUR AU - Bourdon, Charlotte AU - Cachot, Jérôme AU - Gonzalez, Patrice AU - Couture, Patrice TI - Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout JO - Peer Community Journal PY - 2024 VL - 4 PB - Peer Community In UR - https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.358/ DO - 10.24072/pcjournal.358 LA - en ID - 10_24072_pcjournal_358 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Bourdon, Charlotte %A Cachot, Jérôme %A Gonzalez, Patrice %A Couture, Patrice %T Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout %J Peer Community Journal %D 2024 %V 4 %I Peer Community In %U https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.358/ %R 10.24072/pcjournal.358 %G en %F 10_24072_pcjournal_358
Bourdon, Charlotte; Cachot, Jérôme; Gonzalez, Patrice; Couture, Patrice. Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout. Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article no. e6. doi : 10.24072/pcjournal.358. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.358/
PCI peer reviews and recommendation, and links to data, scripts, code and supplementary information: 10.24072/pci.ecotoxenvchem.100104
Conflict of interest of the recommender and peer reviewers:
The recommender in charge of the evaluation of the article and the reviewers declared that they have no conflict of interest (as defined in the code of conduct of PCI) with the authors or with the content of the article.
[1] Copper pyrithione, a booster biocide, induces abnormal muscle and notochord architecture in zebrafish embryogenesis, Ecotoxicology, Volume 26 (2017) no. 7, pp. 855-867 | DOI
[2] The effects of copper pyrithione, an antifouling agent, on developing zebrafish embryos, Ecotoxicology, Volume 25 (2015) no. 2, pp. 389-398 | DOI
[3] Metallothioneins in aquatic invertebrates: Their role in metal detoxification and their use as biomarkers, Aquatic Toxicology, Volume 76 (2006) no. 2, pp. 160-202 | DOI
[4] Acute toxicities of five commonly used antifouling booster biocides to selected subtropical and cosmopolitan marine species, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 62 (2011) no. 5, pp. 1147-1151 | DOI
[5] Acute and chronic toxicities of zinc pyrithione alone and in combination with copper to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus, Aquatic Toxicology, Volume 157 (2014), pp. 81-93 | DOI
[6] Tissue-specific Cu bioaccumulation patterns and differences in sensitivity to waterborne Cu in three freshwater fish: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), Aquatic Toxicology, Volume 70 (2004) no. 3, pp. 179-188 | DOI
[7] Toxicity and bioaccumulation of the booster biocide copper pyrithione, copper 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide, in gill tissues of Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout), Toxicology and Industrial Health, Volume 26 (2010) no. 3, pp. 139-150 | DOI
[8] A review of organotin regulatory strategies, pending actions, related costs and benefits, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 258 (2000) no. 1-2, pp. 21-71 | DOI
[9] Bioavailability and toxicity of dietborne copper and zinc to fish, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, Volume 132 (2002) no. 3, pp. 269-313 | DOI
[10] Bioaccumulation and impact of copper pyrithione impact in juveniles of rainbow trout, Peer Community In Ecotoxicology and Environmental Chemistry (2023) | DOI
[11] Data for Bourdon et al "Characterization of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper pyrithione, an antifouling compound, on juveniles of rainbow trout, Borealis (V1, UNF:6:wB0J+L01mhpyQFwE/ARTzg== [fileUNF]) | DOI
[12] Renal Cu and Na excretion and hepatic Cu metabolism in both Cu acclimated and non acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Aquatic Toxicology, Volume 40 (1998) no. 2-3, pp. 275-291 | DOI
[13] Concentrations of Antifouling Biocides in Sediment and Mussel Samples Collected from Otsuchi Bay, Japan, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 52 (2006) no. 2, pp. 179-188 | DOI
[14] Substance data: Bis(1-hydroxy-1H- pyridine-2-thionato-O,1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thionato-O,S)copper., Japan CHEmicals collaborative knowledge database (2021), p. 1 (http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/jcheck/detail.action?Cno=14915-37-8&mno=5-6271&request_locale=en)
[15] Worldwide occurrence and effects of antifouling paint booster biocides in the aquatic environment: a review, Environment International, Volume 30 (2004) no. 2, pp. 235-248 | DOI
[16] Toxicity of four antifouling biocides and their mixtures on the brine shrimp Artemia salina, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 387 (2007) no. 1-3, pp. 166-174 | DOI
[17] The influence of seawater properties on toxicity of copper pyrithione and its degradation product to brine shrimp Artemia salina, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 147 (2018), pp. 132-138 | DOI
[18] Developmental toxicity of PAH mixtures in fish early life stages. Part II: adverse effects in Japanese medaka, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Volume 21 (2014) no. 24, pp. 13732-13743 | DOI
[19] Protein Measurement With The Folin Phenol Reagent, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 193 (1951) no. 1, pp. 265-275 | DOI
[20] Indirect estimation of degradation time for zinc pyrithione and copper pyrithione in seawater, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 48 (2004) no. 9-10, pp. 894-901 | DOI
[21] Toxicity and metabolism of copper pyrithione and its degradation product, 2,2′-dipyridyldisulfide in a marine polychaete, Chemosphere, Volume 82 (2011) no. 3, pp. 390-397 | DOI
[22] Acute toxicity of pyrithione antifouling biocides and joint toxicity with copper to red sea bream (Pagrus major) and toy shrimp (Heptacarpus futilirostris), Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Volume 25 (2006) no. 11, pp. 3058-3064 | DOI
[23] Acute toxicity test of copper pyrithione on Javanese medaka and the behavioural stress symptoms, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 127 (2018), pp. 150-153 | DOI
[24] Toxicity evaluation of new antifouling compounds using suspension-cultured fish cells, Chemosphere, Volume 46 (2002) no. 7, pp. 945-951 | DOI
[25] Present Status of Antifouling Systems in Japan: Tributyltin Substitutes in Japan, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 201-212 | DOI
[26] Toxicity of Metal Pyrithione Photodegradation Products to Marine Organisms with Indirect Evidence for Their Presence in Seawater, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 58 (2009) no. 4, pp. 991-997 | DOI
[27] Zinc Pyrithione Inhibits Yeast Growth through Copper Influx and Inactivation of Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 55 (2011) no. 12, pp. 5753-5760 | DOI
[28] The Role of Metallothionein in Oxidative Stress, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 14 (2013) no. 3, pp. 6044-6066 | DOI
[29] Copper-induced oxidative stress in three-spined stickleback: relationship with hepatic metal levels, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 19 (2005) no. 1, pp. 177-183 | DOI
[30] Effects of waterborne copper nanoparticles and copper sulphate on rainbow trout, (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Physiology and accumulation, Aquatic Toxicology, Volume 116-117 (2012), pp. 90-101 | DOI
[31] Comparative toxicity study of waterborne two booster biocides (CuPT and ZnPT) on embryonic flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 233 (2022) | DOI
[32] Study of the spatial and historical distribution of sediment inorganic contamination in the Toulon bay (France), Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 62 (2011) no. 10, pp. 2075-2086 | DOI
[33] Pyrithiones as antifoulants: Environmental chemistry and preliminary risk assessment, Biofouling, Volume 15 (2000) no. 1-3, pp. 175-182 | DOI
[34] Metabolic activation of PAH in subcellular fractions and cell cultures from aquatic and terrestrial species, Metabolism of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment. Edited by U. Varanasi, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1989, pp. 203-250
[35] Antifouling Paint Booster Biocides: Occurrence and Partitioning in Water and Sediments, Antifouling Paint Biocides, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 155-170 | DOI
[36] Ecotoxicity testing of chemicals with particular reference to pesticides, Pest Management Science, Volume 62 (2006) no. 7, pp. 571-583 | DOI
[37] Sub-lethal effects of waterborne copper in early developmental stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 170 (2019), pp. 778-788 | DOI
[38] Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 213-226 | DOI
Cited by Sources: