Section: Ecotoxicology & Environmental Chemistry
Topic: Environmental sciences

Ecotoxicity of lanthanides to Daphnia magna: insights from elemental behavior and speciation in a standardized test medium

Vignati, Davide A.L.1  ; Martin, Loïc A.2, 3 ; Poirier, Laurence4 ; Zalouk-Vergnoux, Aurore4 ; Fouque, Chantal1; Bojic, Clément1; Hissler, Christophe2 ; Cossu-Leguille, Carole1 
1 Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
2 CAT/ENVISION, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
3 Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
4 Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France

10.24072/pcjournal.440 - Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article no. e66.

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Lanthanides (LNs) are a group of 15 elements with steadily increasing economical importance due to their multiple uses in technologies essential for sustainable ecological, digital and energetic transitions. Although knowledge on LN ecotoxicology has greatly improved over the last decade, uncertainty persists with regard to their actual hazard and risk in freshwater environments. In particular, only limited information is available on i) the actual relationships between LN speciation vs. ecotoxicological responses in standardized laboratory tests and ii) the existence of regular and predictable patterns in LN ecotoxicity (expressed as e.g., EC50) along the LN series. The present paper provides the first report on the ecotoxicity of all lanthanides (except Pm) for the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna along with an unprecedented level of detail on LN speciation in the exposure medium. Experimental data show that exposure concentrations can decrease by up to 95 % over the test duration, with the percentage decrease being inversely related with LN atomic mass. Thermodynamic speciation calculations confirm the possible formation of insoluble species, mainly LN carbonates. However, the corresponding theoretical solubility limits do not fully agree with measured concentrations at the end of the tests. Experimental verification of exposure concentrations (as a minimum at the beginning and end of laboratory tests) remains therefore mandatory to reach proper conclusions as to the ecotoxicity of each LN. A decreasing trend in ecotoxicity can actually be observed along the LN series when temporal changes in the exposure concentrations are properly accounted for. However, this trend remains dependent on exposure time and selected exposure metrics. This and other caveats must be considered in future research to reach a community-based consensus for the proper hazard and risk assessment of LN towards daphnids and other aquatic organisms.

Published online:
DOI: 10.24072/pcjournal.440
Type: Research article

Vignati, Davide A.L. 1; Martin, Loïc A. 2, 3; Poirier, Laurence 4; Zalouk-Vergnoux, Aurore 4; Fouque, Chantal 1; Bojic, Clément 1; Hissler, Christophe 2; Cossu-Leguille, Carole 1

1 Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
2 CAT/ENVISION, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
3 Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
4 Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
License: CC-BY 4.0
Copyrights: The authors retain unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights 
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     title = {Ecotoxicity of lanthanides to {\protect\emph{Daphnia} magna}: insights from elemental behavior and speciation in a standardized test medium},
     journal = {Peer Community Journal},
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Vignati, Davide A.L.; Martin, Loïc A.; Poirier, Laurence; Zalouk-Vergnoux, Aurore; Fouque, Chantal; Bojic, Clément; Hissler, Christophe; Cossu-Leguille, Carole. Ecotoxicity of lanthanides to Daphnia magna: insights from elemental behavior and speciation in a standardized test medium. Peer Community Journal, Volume 4 (2024), article  no. e66. doi : 10.24072/pcjournal.440. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.440/

PCI peer reviews and recommendation, and links to data, scripts, code and supplementary information: 10.24072/pci.ecotoxenvchem.100143

Conflict of interest of the recommender and peer reviewers:
The recommender in charge of the evaluation of the article and the reviewers declared that they have no conflict of interest (as defined in the code of conduct of PCI) with the authors or with the content of the article.

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