Section: Evolutionary Biology
Topic: Evolution, Biology of interactions, Ecology
Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism
10.24072/pcjournal.139 - Peer Community Journal, Volume 2 (2022), article no. e41.
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The evolution of mutualism between hosts and initially parasitic symbionts represents a major transition in evolution. Although vertical transmission of symbionts during host reproduction and partner control both favour the stability of mutualism, these mechanisms require specifically evolved features that may be absent in the first place. Therefore, the first steps of the transition from parasitism to mutualism may suffer from the cost of mutualism at the organismic level. We hypothesize that spatial structure can lead to the formation of higher selection levels favouring mutualism. This resembles the evolution of altruism, with the additional requirement that the offspring of mutualistic hosts and symbionts must co-occur often enough. Using a spatially explicit agent-based model we demonstrate that, starting from a parasitic system with global dispersal, the joint evolution of mutualistic effort and local dispersal of hosts and symbionts leads to a stable coexistence between parasites and mutualists. The evolution of local dispersal mimics vertical transmission and triggers the formation of mutualistic clusters, counteracting the organismic selection level of parasites that maintain global dispersal. The transition occurs when mutualistic symbionts increase the density of hosts, which strengthens competition between hosts and disfavours hosts inhabiting areas dominated by parasitic symbionts: mutualists construct the ecological conditions that allow their own spread. Therefore, the transition to mutualism may come from an eco-evolutionary feedback loop involving spatially structured population dynamics.
Type: Research article
CC-BY 4.0
@article{10_24072_pcjournal_139,
author = {Ledru, L\'eo and Garnier, Jimmy and Rhor, Matthias and Nous, Camille and Ibanez, S\'ebastien},
title = {Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism},
journal = {Peer Community Journal},
eid = {e41},
publisher = {Peer Community In},
volume = {2},
year = {2022},
doi = {10.24072/pcjournal.139},
url = {https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.139/}
}
TY - JOUR AU - Ledru, Léo AU - Garnier, Jimmy AU - Rhor, Matthias AU - Nous, Camille AU - Ibanez, Sébastien TI - Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism JO - Peer Community Journal PY - 2022 VL - 2 PB - Peer Community In UR - https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.139/ DO - 10.24072/pcjournal.139 ID - 10_24072_pcjournal_139 ER -
%0 Journal Article %A Ledru, Léo %A Garnier, Jimmy %A Rhor, Matthias %A Nous, Camille %A Ibanez, Sébastien %T Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism %J Peer Community Journal %D 2022 %V 2 %I Peer Community In %U https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.139/ %R 10.24072/pcjournal.139 %F 10_24072_pcjournal_139
Ledru, Léo; Garnier, Jimmy; Rhor, Matthias; Nous, Camille; Ibanez, Sébastien. Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism. Peer Community Journal, Volume 2 (2022), article no. e41. doi : 10.24072/pcjournal.139. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.139/
Peer reviewed and recommended by PCI : 10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100143
Conflict of interest of the recommender and peer reviewers:
The recommender in charge of the evaluation of the article and the reviewers declared that they have no conflict of interest (as defined in the code of conduct of PCI) with the authors or with the content of the article.
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