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Section: Archaeology
Topic: Archaeology

Zooarchaeological investigation of the Hoabinhian exploitation of reptiles and amphibians in Thailand and Cambodia with a focus on the Yellow-headed Tortoise (Indotestudo elongata (Blyth, 1854))

Bochaton, Corentin1, 2  ; Chantasri, Sirikanya3; Maneechote, Melada4; Claude, Julien2, 5; Griggo, Christophe6; Naksri, Wilailuck7; Forestier, Hubert8; Sophady, Heng9; Auertrakulvit, Prasit4; Bowonsachoti, Jutinach3; Zeitoun, Valéry1
1 UMR 7207. CR2P-CNRS-MNHN-SU, Sorbonne Université, campus Jussieu, T. 46-56, 5ème étage, case 104, 4, place Jussieu, 75 252 Paris Cedex 05, France
2 ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
3 12th Regional Office of Fine Art Department, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
4 Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
5 Faculty of Science, University of Chulalongkorn, Bangkok, Thailand
6 Laboratoire Environnements, DYnamiques et Territoires de Montagne, UMR 5204 – Université Grenoble Alpes, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
7 Northeastern Research Institute of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
8 Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, UMR 7194 HNHP, Paris, France
9 Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

10.24072/pcjournal.328 - Peer Community Journal, Volume 3 (2023), article no. e94.

Get full text PDF Peer reviewed and recommended by PCI

While non-marine turtles are almost ubiquitous in the archaeological record of Southeast Asia, their zooarchaeological examination has been inadequately pursued within this tropical region. This gap in research hinders a complete comprehension of past human subsistence strategies and economies, as only a limited number of comprehensive studies encompassing all the taxa found in archaeological sites have been conducted thus far. This constraint becomes particularly significant in relation to prehistoric hunter-gatherer populations, who might have extensively utilized inland chelonian taxa. In order to initiate a new approach to the study of past human-turtle interactions in Southeast Asia, we propose an in-depth zooarchaeological analysis of turtle bone remains recovered from four Hoabinhian Hunter-gatherer archaeological assemblages located in Thailand and Cambodia, dating from the Late Pleistocene to the first half of the Holocene. Our study focuses on the bone remains attributed to the Yellow-headed Tortoise (Indotestudo elongata) as it is the most represented taxon in archaeological assemblages in the region of study. For this species, we developed osteometric equations enabling the estimation of the carapace size of the archaeological individuals. This allowed us to study the size structure of the archaeological populations at different sites and to reveal the human exploitation strategies of these animals. We observed a significant taphonomic homogeneity among the studied assemblages, along with similarities in the diversity of hunted reptile and amphibian taxa as well as the size of the exploited tortoises. These findings suggest consistent subsistence behaviors across distinct sites, despite their varying environmental conditions, and raise the possibility of cultural similarities across different periods and regions. Additionally, we provide a baseline for future zooarchaeological studies and a methodological framework for the detailed analysis of archaeological turtle bones in continental Southeast Asia.

ถึงแม้ว่าการดำเนินงานโบราณคดีบริเวณพื้นที่เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้จะมีการพบเต่าทั้งเต่าบกและเต่าน้ำอย่างแพร่หลาย

แต่การศึกษาวิจัยตามกระบวนการแบบโบราณคดีสัตววิยากลับยังมีอยู่อย่างจำกัดในภูมิภาคเขตร้อนนี้ จึงเป็นสาเหตุทำให้ความรู้และความเข้าใจ

ในรูปแบบเศรฐกิจ สังคม และการดำรงชีพของมนุษย์ในอดีตยังขาดความสมบูรณ์และครบถ้วน ด้วยเหตุนี้ เพื่อสร้างแนวทางใหม่ผ่านการศึกษาปฏิสัมพันธ์ระหว่างมนุษย์และเต่าในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ จึงทำให้ผู้เขียนนำวิธีการศึกษาแบบโบราณคดีสัตว์วิทยามาใช้ในการศึกษาเชิงลึกผ่านกระดูกเต่าที่พบจากแหล่งโบราณคดีที่อยู่ในพื้นที่ประเทศไทยและกัมพูชาจำนวน 4 แห่ง ที่มนุษย์ดำรงชีพด้วยการหาของป่าและล่าสัตว์ มีอายุอยู่ในช่วงสมัยไพลสโตซีตอนปลายถึงโฮโลซีนตอนต้น โดยการศึกษาในครั้งนี้เน้นไปที่กระดูกเต่าประเภทเต่าเหลือง (Indotestudo elongata) เนื่องจากเป็นสัตว์ที่พบมากที่สุดในพื้นที่แหล่งโบราณคดีที่เลือกศึกษา การศึกษาในครั้งนี้ผู้เขียนได้นำวิธีการวัดขนาดส่วนต่าง ๆ ของกระดูก (Osteometry) ซึ่งทำให้ทราบถึงขนาดโครงสร้างของประชากรทางโบราณคดีที่พบในแต่ละพื้นที่ อีกทั้งยังทำให้ทราบรูปแบบวิธีการล่าสัตว์ของมนุษย์ในอดีตอีกด้วย นอกจากนี้ ผู้เขียนยังศึกษาสัตว์เลื้อยคลานและสัตว์สะเทินน้ำสะเทินบกควบคู่ไปกับเต่า ผลจากการศึกษาโดยใช้วิธีการวัดขนาด พบว่าขนาดของเต่าที่ถูกล่าสะท้อนให้เห็นวิถีชีวิตของคน แม้ว่าจะอยู่อาศัยในบริเวณที่มีสภาพแวดล้อมที่แตกต่างกัน อีกทั้งยังพบความคล้ายคลึงกันของวัฒนธรรมแม้ว่าจะอยู่ในช่วงเวลาและภูมิภาคที่ต่างกัน อย่างไรก็ตาม ผู้เขียนได้วางแผนในการศึกษาด้านโบราณคดีสัตววิยาผ่านกระดูกเต่าโดยละเอียดในอนาคต โดยเน้นศึกษาในพื้นที่ทวีปเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้เพื่อให้ข้อมูลครบถ้วนและสมบูรณ์มากยิ่งขึ้น

Published online:
DOI: 10.24072/pcjournal.328
Type: Research article
Keywords: Reptiles, Hunter-gatherer, Southeast Asia, Turtle, Zooarchaeology
Bochaton, Corentin 1, 2; Chantasri, Sirikanya 3; Maneechote, Melada 4; Claude, Julien 2, 5; Griggo, Christophe 6; Naksri, Wilailuck 7; Forestier, Hubert 8; Sophady, Heng 9; Auertrakulvit, Prasit 4; Bowonsachoti, Jutinach 3; Zeitoun, Valéry 1

1 UMR 7207. CR2P-CNRS-MNHN-SU, Sorbonne Université, campus Jussieu, T. 46-56, 5ème étage, case 104, 4, place Jussieu, 75 252 Paris Cedex 05, France
2 ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
3 12th Regional Office of Fine Art Department, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
4 Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
5 Faculty of Science, University of Chulalongkorn, Bangkok, Thailand
6 Laboratoire Environnements, DYnamiques et Territoires de Montagne, UMR 5204 – Université Grenoble Alpes, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
7 Northeastern Research Institute of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
8 Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, UMR 7194 HNHP, Paris, France
9 Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
License: CC-BY 4.0
Copyrights: The authors retain unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights 
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     author = {Bochaton, Corentin and Chantasri, Sirikanya and Maneechote, Melada and Claude, Julien and Griggo, Christophe and Naksri, Wilailuck and Forestier, Hubert and Sophady, Heng and Auertrakulvit, Prasit and Bowonsachoti, Jutinach and Zeitoun, Val\'ery},
     title = {Zooarchaeological investigation of the {Hoabinhian} exploitation of reptiles and amphibians in {Thailand} and {Cambodia} with a focus on the {Yellow-headed} {Tortoise} {(\protect\emph{Indotestudo} elongata} {(Blyth,} 1854))},
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Bochaton, Corentin; Chantasri, Sirikanya; Maneechote, Melada; Claude, Julien; Griggo, Christophe; Naksri, Wilailuck; Forestier, Hubert; Sophady, Heng; Auertrakulvit, Prasit; Bowonsachoti, Jutinach; Zeitoun, Valéry. Zooarchaeological investigation of the Hoabinhian exploitation of reptiles and amphibians in Thailand and Cambodia with a focus on the Yellow-headed Tortoise (Indotestudo elongata (Blyth, 1854)). Peer Community Journal, Volume 3 (2023), article  no. e94. doi : 10.24072/pcjournal.328. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.328/

Peer reviewed and recommended by PCI : 10.24072/pci.archaeo.100329

Conflict of interest of the recommender and peer reviewers:
The recommender in charge of the evaluation of the article and the reviewers declared that they have no conflict of interest (as defined in the code of conduct of PCI) with the authors or with the content of the article.

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